作者：陵帝开 来源：原创 发布日期：08-25
A | Sputnik spoke with Professor N.R. Bhanumurthy, a prominent economist and vice-chancellor of the Dr. B.R. Ambedkar School of Economics University, Bengaluru (BASE University), about the decision to allow trade settlements in rupees and its impact.,Sputnik: What prompted the RBI to launch trade settlements in rupees?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: It is mostly to do with managing foreign exchange issues, especially when there are some shocks from the global financial system.,India must have smooth trade settlements since it has been trading with multiple countries.,There was a proposal to raise rupee-denominated bonds outside the country, which is also part of the transition.,So, it has a long-term strategy of the rupee also becoming one of the currencies of the international basket. Right now, we have only five recognized currencies. The latest currency added to the list was China's yuan. So, this is part of India's long-term mission.,Sputnik: Will this step help India resume sanctions-proof trade with countries like Iran, Venezuela, and Russia?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: We already have rupee-denominated trade with Iran, especially oil bills being settled in rupees. The Reserve Bank of India's decision is only to showcase that India is also emerging as a big player in the foreign exchange market.,This is only the beginning of the long process where India would like to see the rupee as one of the international currencies. In the process, all these things — like countries with a problem with foreign exchange reserves, nations with trade sanctions — all these will be taken care of.,In the future, disturbance or volatility in the foreign exchange market will increase, especially what we see in Russia or what we see in China. All those things will start having their own repercussions on the forex markets. So, it's better for India floating its currency-based trade.,Sputnik: Would other countries be interested in trading in national currencies with India?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Certainly yes, because right now India's trade links are increasing, especially in the service sector; our trading links are expanding in a big way. There will be a much greater increase in the volumes of rupee trade. So if countries start trading through the rupee, business costs will be reduced.,India has signed an agreement with the UAE for rupee-based trade. Venezuela has also expressed interest.,Sputnik: How would this impact trade in the dollar or India's foreign exchange reserves?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Foreign exchange reserves, which are currently around $600 billion, are not entirely in US dollars. A certain proportion of this is in US dollars, while the amount is also in euros, British pounds, and gold. So, I do not think rupee trade will impact trade volumes in the dollar. Whichever countries do not have a rupee-denominated trade deal with India, they can choose to settle their transactions in dollars. So, the dollar trade is still there.,Some areas where India is a significant trader, e.g. the European Union, and other countries like the UK is one country where we also have good trade relationships, and they are not part of the euro now. So all these things will help in increasing the rupee trade.,However, it does not mean it will negatively impact US dollar trade. They will actually complement each other. 10 years back, India used to settle most of its trade in US dollars. Now it also pays in euros, British pounds, as well as in Japanese yen.,Sputnik: Will it benefit countries in South Asia or other parts of the world facing foreign exchange crises?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: It is possible. Ultimately, every country would like to trade. If the US dollar becomes too expensive, it creates trouble for countries with a forex crisis to trade. In that situation, countries with limited foreign exchange reserves can always explore rupee-denominated trade. That is undoubtedly an area where India can take advantage.,Sputnik: Could India face US anger in some sense?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: I doubt all this can happen. We are sitting with a substantial foreign exchange reserve. If that were the case, China would have faced retaliation long back.,Retaliation options are very limited in forex markets. Productivity is one thing everybody can compete for; the rest is only settlement. Countries can only compete in productivity.,Et Tu? US Steals Most of Australia's Sale to China Amid Trade Row, Finds Study30 November 2021, 08:15 GMT,Sputnik: What should India do to strengthen the chances of making the Indian rupee a global currency?,Prof. Bhanumurthy: Productivity is a significant factor that can boost India's ambition to enhance its rupee-denominated trade. So, we need to keep improving our productivity. Second, India needs to create infrastructure to start having short-term trading in the foreign exchange market. Some countries that trade with the rupee also need to have a kind of transaction in a foreign exchange market.,The exchange rate becomes an important variable for those countries trading in the Indian rupee. So there should be some foreign exchange market institutions, and the Indian Central Bank should also be in a position to address any risk associated with other countries, wherever the rupee foreign exchange reserves are.,Any global currency possesses some characteristics — character India needs to ensure so that the Indian rupee will become a global currency.。
B | 央视网消息：“五一”假期出游热度升温，国内旅游市场迎来“五一”假期旅游预订高峰。这个“五一”假期，许多旅游热门目的地可以说是热度高、景色美、花样多。 2024年“五一”假期出行热度高过2023年 多家在线预订平台数据显示，2024年“五一”假期的出行热度将高过2023年。从整体预订情况看，北京、上海、重庆、杭州、南京、西安等城市是热门旅游目的地。 新兴目的地旅游市场快速崛起 一些新兴目的地旅游市场也快速崛起，美食、文创带动各地不断“出圈”。 在黑龙江哈尔滨中央大街，一家面包店前排起了长队。新推出的红肠面包、小土豆面包、蔓越莓面包等新品吸引着众多游客前来购买。 以哈尔滨特色建筑为原型的文创雪糕造型不同口味各异，不仅成为美食爱好者的新宠，更成为游客们“打卡”拍照的必备神器。 凭借“麻辣烫”出圈的甘肃天水，眼下依然火爆。
C | 随着人流量的不断增加，甘肃天水古城多家餐馆、咖啡店、饮品小吃、特色菜馆生意火爆。
D | 除了美食，不少独具特色的文创产品也受到追捧。在甘肃文创非遗市集展、伏羲庙景区等地，不同系列的文创产品吸引了消费者。其中，具有地方特色的天水小吃类系列文创产品，更是以其精美的设计俘获了不少消费者。 出境游需求旺 签证迎办理热潮 “五一”假期，出境游市场火热。受到签证便利化和航空运力提高等综合因素影响，截至目前，“五一”出境游人数相比2023年同期增长370%左右。 热门出境游国家有日本、韩国、美国、澳大利亚、英国、越南、加拿大、新西兰等。
E | 中国旅游研究院预测，2024年出境游人数将达到1.3亿人次。
F | 涠洲岛现“玻璃海”景观 展现海洋独特魅力 这几天，广西北海涠洲岛出现独特的“玻璃海”景观。晴朗的天气下，海水清澈透明、一望到底，游客划着小巧的玻璃船置身海上，仿佛漂浮在晶莹剔透的玻璃上。 而“玻璃”之下，成片的大型藻类马尾藻，像把森林藏在了海底，随波而动，展现着别样的海洋魅力。这里独特的生态美吸引了越来越多的游客上岛观光、体验海岛游玩项目。预计“五一”期间这里将迎来客流高峰。 涠洲岛“五一”将迎客流高峰 随着珊瑚礁修复项目的推进，涠洲岛海域的水下生态全面向好，动植物种类丰富。
G | 潜水爱好者还可以在水下目睹色彩斑斓的“海底花园”。 从4月中下旬开始，涠洲岛逐步迎来旅游的小高峰。针对“五一”客流高峰，北海往返涠洲岛的航线也将加密航班，满足游客出行需求。 此外，涠洲岛还将开展帆船、游艇、潜水等水上项目，策划具有海岛风情的文旅活动，提升游客度假体验。
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